The former player: 'I really hoped to continue playing'
Warning: This piece includes descriptions of racially offensive language and behaviour
Ex-England player Luther Burrell states that speaking out to reveal racial discrimination in rugby union brought his professional journey to an premature conclusion.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell described racism as being "widespread" in the sport, showing digital communications and remembering training ground "comments" he had been exposed to while playing for Newcastle.
At that time 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to retire because of what went on," he told reporters.
"I really hoped to continue playing, naturally I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when news emerged that there were inquiries going on.
"This situation was challenging - I had to simply accept the fate and accept that this whole situation is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization investigation in 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "on the balance of probability", but said it could not collect sufficient proof to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly excluded for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told journalists he also faced discrimination within the England set-up, during a Test career that saw him win 15 appearances after his debut in 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within the national team," he stated.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in dressing rooms, in Burrell's view.
"It's something that has been disguised as humour and that's been the problem that I've personally experienced and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"Over a period of time you just learn to believe that it's the standard and that is fine and that it's not harmful, but that's nonsense."
Burrell explains he was eventually motivated to go public after a fellow player at Newcastle called him as a "enslaved person" and instructed him to put sun cream on his arms and legs "where chains would be placed."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the environment within the elite game and to the implementation of an strategy for the professional game."
"The organization has given significant focus on diversity and inclusion in rugby union and a substantial amount of work undertaken both prior and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his encounters of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"The organization are continuing work with clubs and partners in the elite level to work for a environment of acceptance but recognize this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
All Prem and women's rugby club now has in-person training on building welcoming environments, with its effectiveness tracked via specific documentation and feedback.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are trained in being "engaged observers" to intervene and protect others from harmful conduct.
"You should be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this effect on you and ended your playing days, but in our view, you have done so much. We are so proud of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away shortly after the production of the documentary, and his sister died recently.
Burrell, who grew up on a social housing in Huddersfield, maintains his work to make the sport more accessible.
His charitable organization works to connect with children in disadvantaged communities and support them thrive both on the pitch with complimentary sports coaching, guidance and dietary education.
"My intentions are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the sport and if others is willing to share their experience then I'll persist to fight that cause because I'm not just pursuing this for my own benefit," he explained.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the sport as great as it can be and the more I talk about it perhaps the more comfortable others will feel about sharing their own stories as well.
"I need to take the challenge by the opportunity and keep bearing this banner and keep carrying this weight and do what I can to create possibilities and make the game more attractive and more inclusive.
"There's a lot of disadvantaged young people and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely believe that rugby has the potential to change their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in November 2022